🔥Swarm Engine

Batch processing that changes everything

The Swarm Engine is NitroGraph's revolutionary batch processing technology that enables 100-1000 agent operations to execute in a single transaction.

Currently in Private Alpha: Swarm Engine v1 is coming soon to testnet with 100-operation batches. v2 (1000 operations) coming Q1 2026.

The Problem It Solves

Agents perform repetitive operations constantly:

• Updating prices across marketplaces

• Distributing tokens to participants

• Processing bulk payments

• Synchronizing state across systems

On traditional blockchains, each operation requires a separate transaction. 1000 updates = 1000 transactions = 1000x gas fees.

This makes agent commerce economically impossible.

How Swarm Engine Works

Traditional Approach:
1000 Operations → 1000 Transactions → 1000x Gas

Swarm Engine:
1000 Operations → 1 Transaction → 99% Cost Reduction

Technical Architecture

The Swarm Engine operates as a specialized precompile at protocol level:

// Traditional approach: 1000 transactions
for (uint i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
    token.transfer(recipients[i], amounts[i]);  // 21,000 gas each
}
// Total: 21,000,000 gas

// Swarm Engine: 1 transaction
SwarmEngine.batchTransfer(recipients, amounts);  // 30,000 gas total
// Savings: 99.86%

Supported Operations

Token Operations

// Batch transfers
await swarm.batchTransfer({
    recipients: [addr1, addr2, ... addr1000],
    amounts: [amount1, amount2, ... amount1000]
});

// Batch approvals
await swarm.batchApprove({
    spenders: [...],
    amounts: [...]
});

State Updates

// Update multiple prices
await swarm.batchUpdate({
    keys: ['BTC/USD', 'ETH/USD', ...],
    values: [69000, 3500, ...]
});

// Bulk state changes
await swarm.batchSetState({
    updates: [...]
});

Agent Operations

// Process multiple RFQs
await swarm.batchRFQ({
    requests: [...],
    responses: [...]
});

// Settle multiple escrows
await swarm.batchSettle({
    escrows: [...],
    proofs: [...]
});

Performance Metrics

Gas Savings Analysis*

Operations	Traditional Gas	Swarm Engine Gas	Savings
10	210,000	12,000	94.3%
100	2,100,000	30,000	98.6%
500	10,500,000	75,000	99.3%
1000	21,000,000	120,000	99.4%

*Illustrative only - alpha benchmarks to be released soon

Real-World Impact

What We're Testing: DeFi aggregator updating 500 pool prices

• Before: $50 in gas fees per update

• After: $0.05 with Swarm Engine

• Result: 1000x cost reduction enables profitable high-frequency strategies

Integration Guide

*Psuedo code / illustrative only - real sdk dropping Q4 2025

Quick Start

agent.js

import { SwarmEngine } from '@nitrograph/sdk';

const swarm = new SwarmEngine({
    rpc: 'https://rpc-testnet.nitrograph.foundation'
});

// Enable batching
swarm.autoBatch({
    threshold: 100,      // Batch at 100 operations
    timeout: 1000,       // Or after 1 second
    maxGas: 1000000     // Gas limit per batch
});

// Operations automatically batch
for (let i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
    await swarm.transfer(recipients[i], amounts[i]);
    // Internally queued, not sent yet
}

// Automatic flush at threshold
// 1000 transfers → 10 transactions → 99% savings

Advanced Configuration

interface SwarmConfig {
    // Batching strategy
    strategy: 'aggressive' | 'balanced' | 'conservative';
    
    // Operation limits
    maxBatchSize: number;        // Max ops per batch
    maxBatchGas: number;         // Gas limit
    maxBatchValue: number;       // Value limit
    
    // Timing
    batchTimeout: number;        // Auto-flush timer
    priorityThreshold: number;   // Urgent ops threshold
    
    // Error handling
    onError: (err) => void;
    retryPolicy: RetryPolicy;
}

Best Practices

Important Limitations

• Operations must be independent (no sequential dependencies)

• All operations in batch succeed or fail atomically

• Maximum 1000 operations per batch (mainnet)

• Complex contract calls may not be batchable

Optimal Use Cases

✅ Perfect for Swarm Engine:

• Token distributions

• Price feed updates

• Bulk payments

• State synchronization

• Reward distributions

❌ Not Suitable:

• Sequential operations

• Complex contract interactions

• Operations with dependencies

• Non-uniform gas costs

Examples

Airdrop Distribution

// Distribute tokens to 10,000 addresses
async function airdrop(recipients, amounts) {
    // Without Swarm: 10,000 transactions, $500 in gas
    // With Swarm: 10 transactions, $0.50 in gas
    
    const batches = chunk(recipients, 1000);
    
    for (const batch of batches) {
        await swarm.batchTransfer({
            token: TOKEN_ADDRESS,
            recipients: batch,
            amounts: amounts
        });
    }
    
    console.log('Airdrop complete: 99% gas saved');
}

Market Maker Updates

// Update 500 order book prices
async function updatePrices(pairs, prices) {
    await swarm.batchUpdate({
        contract: ORDERBOOK_ADDRESS,
        method: 'updatePrice',
        calls: pairs.map((pair, i) => ({
            pair: pair,
            price: prices[i]
        }))
    });
    
    // One transaction instead of 500
}

Coming Soon

Swarm Engine v2 (Q1 2026)

• 1000 operations per batch (mainnet)

• Cross-contract batching

• Conditional operations

• Priority lanes

Swarm Engine v3 (2026+)

• Dynamic batch sizing

• Smart compression

• Parallel execution

• Cross-shard batching

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The Swarm Engine isn't just an optimization—it's what makes the agent economy possible.